How to Detecting and repairing disk errors

Detecting and repairing disk errors

You can use the Error-checking tool to check for file system errors and bad sectors on your hard disk.

1. Open My Computer, and then select the local disk you want to check.
2. On the File menu, click Properties.
3. On the Tools tab, under Error-checking, click Check Now.
4. Under Check disk options, select the Scan for and attempt recovery of bad sectors check box.

Note

• To open My Computer, click Start, and then click My Computer. 
• All files must be closed for this process to run. If the volume is currently in use, a message box will appear prompting you to indicate whether or not you want to reschedule the disk checking for the next time you restart your system. Then, the next time you restart your system, disk checking will run. Your volume will not be available to perform other tasks while this process is running.
• If your volume is formatted as NTFS, Windows automatically logs all file transactions, replaces bad clusters, and stores copies of key information for all files on the NTFS volume.
• For more information, click Related Topics.

start Windows in Safe Mode or Safe Mode with Networking

Start Windows 7/Vista/XP in Safe Mode with Networking

• Immediately after the computer is powered on or restarted (usually after you hear your computer beep),tap the F8 key in 1 second intervals . 
• After your computer displays the hardware information and runs the memory test, the Advanced Boot Options menu will appear.
• Use the arrow keys to select Safe Mode or Safe Mode with Networking and press ENTER. For more information about Safe Mode options, click here for Windows XP or click here for Windows Vista/Windows 7.

Start Windows 8 in Safe Mode with networking

1. Press the Windows key    + C, and then click Settings.

2. Click Power, hold down Shift on your keyboard and click Restart.

3. Click Troubleshoot.

4. Click Advanced options.

5. Click Startup Settings.

6. Click Restart.

7. Press 5 on your keyboard to Enable Safe Mode with Networking. Windows will start in Safe Mode with Networking.

How to start the computer in safe mode

To start the computer in safe mode

1. You should print these instructions before continuing. They will not be available after you shut your computer down in step 2.

2. Click Start and then click Shut Down.

3. In the drop-down list of the Shut Down Windows dialog box, click Restart, and then click OK.

4. As your computer restarts but before Windows launches, press F8.
On a computer that is configured for booting to multiple operating systems, you can press F8 when the boot menu appears.

5. Use the arrow keys to highlight the appropriate safe mode option, and then press ENTER.

6. If you have a dual-boot or multiple-boot system, choose the installation that you need to access using the arrow keys, and then press ENTER.


Note

• If Windows launches before you can choose a safe mode, restart your computer and try again.

• In safe mode, you have access to only basic files and drivers (mouse, monitor, keyboard, mass storage, base video, default system services, and no network connections). You can choose the Safe Mode with Networking option, which loads all of the above files and drivers and the essential services and drivers to start networking, or you can choose the Safe Mode with Command Prompt option, which is exactly the same as safe mode except that a command prompt is started instead of the graphical user interface. You can also choose Last Known Good Configuration, which starts your computer using the registry information that was saved at the last shutdown.

• Safe mode helps you diagnose problems. If a symptom does not reappear when you start in safe mode, you can eliminate the default settings and minimum device drivers as possible causes. If a newly added device or a changed driver is causing problems, you can use safe mode to remove the device or reverse the change.

• There are circumstances where safe mode will not be able to help you, such as when Windows system files that are required to start the system are corrupted or damaged. In this case, the Recovery Console may help you.

• NUM LOCK must be off before the arrow keys on the numeric keypad will function.

How to start the computer in safe mode